A Compact, Elegant Kitchen

This is a continuation of the previous article describing how we reconfigured my client’s home for a new life with creative friends and music in Silver Spring, MD.

Re-Sculpted for Function and Light

We radically re-sculpted her home within the existing footprint starting with the kitchen.  By moving the kitchen into the old dining room we created a light-filled kitchen with a much better connection to both the outdoors and to the music and living rooms.  (View before and after floor plans in the first article.)

Kitchen is Well Connected to the Garden & Flooded With Light

And Also Well Connected to the Rest of the Home

Efficient, if Somewhat limited, Storage

The kitchen is very small but better configured than its darker, cut-off predecessor.  Valuable storage space was sacrificed for even more important windows and doors.  The cabinets we used, though, were configured for maximum storage and utility.  The base cabinets are all drawer cabinets (not easily seen in the photos).  While my preference is for 30” wide drawer cabinets, for this project, we had to compromise and accept several narrower base cabinets to maintain counter space where needed.   One 30” base cabinet, one 33” base cabinet and one 30” pantry cabinet provide great flexibility for storing everything from pots and pans to dishes and platters.  We gained valuable drawer space in the work area by using a cooktop with drawers below instead of a range.  The single oven is placed out of the main work area.  We gained a little additional storage space – and saved money – by using a single oven instead of two ovens often found in higher-end kitchens.   A smaller microwave sits on a shelf above the single oven.  Putting the oven in a cabinet with a drawer below also puts the over at a better height for our aging bodies. 

Using a Single Oven Plus Microwave Instead of Double Ovens Saved Money & Space

We made up for the lack of storage space in the kitchen proper by building a long pantry closet in the music room between the kitchen and living room.  The Pantry is only 18” deep – deep enough to hold small appliances and big platters but shallow enough that nothing gets lost.  A light in the pantry makes sure items can be located quickly.  The bypass doors don’t take up floor space in the passageway. 

A Shallow, Long Pantry Closet Supplements Kitchen Storage

The Pantry (White Bypass Doors) is Tucked Into Music Room and Conveniently Located Alongside Kitchen

 Eating Nook

We even fit an eating nook into this small kitchen.  It’s perfect for my client when she is without guests.  It also makes an intimate setting with one to three guests and provides space for a buffet for larger gatherings.  The backless bench to the left is on casters and can be rolled out of the way for additional seating in the living room or to provide a wider passageway during large gatherings. 

We even fit a cozy eating nook in this compact kitchen

Design Decisions to Lower Costs

There were a myriad of design decisions that kept costs down including 3 primary decisions:

1. Working within the existing footprint.  The decision to work within the existing footprint means that the window over the sink looks across the areaway to the basement at the brick wall that forms the original L wing housing what’s now the master suite.  In the future, we’ll use stained glass or an art window film to hide the view of the brick while still allowing in light.  This decision, of course, saved tens of thousands of dollars. 
2. Using laminate countertops.  This decision saved at least $3,000.  Everyone wants stone these days.  Personally, I think granite is a bit overdone.  One of the big objections to laminate is the inability to use an under-mount sink.  The sink we used is a micro-edge sink that all but eliminates that objection.
3. The Lighting Scheme.  We used surface-mounted ceiling lights instead of the ubiquitous recessed lights.  Go back to the 2nd photo in this article to see the surface-mounted fluorescent lights that provide ambient light.  These lights are augmented with another surface-mounted light over the sink, undercabinet lights, and a single (large) pendant over the eating nook.  The lighting scheme, again, saved more than $3,000.
4. The selection of appliances.  We used a relatively narrow, full-depth refrigerator that appears built-in.  The 30” width allowed us to recess it into an existing header in the brick wall.  The full-depth results in a lot of storage space.  We sacrificed a little bit of space in the new hall bath and the Pantry to accommodate the full-depth.  As mentioned earlier, we selected one oven instead of two.  The hood, while modern and attractive, was much less expensive than most similar models on the market.  We re-used the relatively new dishwasher. 

The Micro Edge Works Well with a Laminate Countertop While The Large Deep Sink Hides Dirty Dishes & Drying Clean Dishes Helping Keep the Counter clear

A Regular Depth Fridge Looks Built-In And is Recessed Into The Bath & Pantry Behind

Special Design Features:

Even while controlling costs, there were many special features to make the design special. 

Integration between rooms – Note how by integrating the cabinetry with the door jamb separating the kitchen from the music room, we help bring those rooms together.  You can see this in the photos above and below.

Tiled wall – Rather than a simple tiled backsplash we tiled the entire walls behind and beside the counters.  We used large format 12 x 24 concrete-look tile with a brushed aluminum trim.  This maintains a clean, modern look. 

Deep, Wide Sink – The sink, in addition to having a micro-edge, is very deep and wide.  This keeps dirty dishes and drying dishes off the countertop.

Original ceiling beam details – These details were maintained but painted while to keep some of the original feeling that the client liked but made for a less busy treatment. 

Deep Door Jamb Integrated Into Cabinety Helps Integrate Rooms

Large Format Tile Wrapping the Walls Provides a Relatively Low-Cost Wow-Factor

 
Before

"Before" From Same Angle as Picture 2

Original Kitchen "Before"

The Glass Countertop is the Centerpiece of the Bath

We just completed an unabashedly modern bath in this 1864 row house in the Dupont Circle neighborhood in Washington, DC.  The bath had been allowed to deteriorate badly (see before image at end). 

Glass Countertop Is A Dramatic Centerpiece:  The centerpiece of this bath remodel is a custom glass countertop with integral glass sink.  The unit is very large – the countertop measures 88” long with a sink formed as part of the countertop that measures 28” x 15” x 6” deep.  The glass — 3/4” thick – has been sandblasted on the back.  The glass is standard float glass – like what you have in your windows.  We don’t see the green tint unless you look at the glass on edge or you sandblast it as we’ve done here.  The glass is raised 1/2 “above the vanity with chrome standoffs (the round discs you can see through the countertop in the image below).

Wall-mounted soap and cup holders help keep clutter off the countertop – as does the large 52” high 8” deep cabinet above the toilet. 

The Custom Sink is Large & Deep

Roomy, Light-Filled Shower:  Large format (12” x 24”) porcelain tile used for the backsplash and for the shower almost perfectly matches the tint in the glass.  The tile has slate blue and grey veining which is repeated in the grout color and the custom grey stained cabinetry. 

Light-Filled Shower

The Shower measures 48” x 36” and features a multi-function shower head and 2 body sprays.  My client can use just the shower head, just the body sprays or both.  A recessed niche has separate shelves for soap and for bottles.  The l-shaped end wall allows the bather to see the window and helps the long, narrow room feel more porous. 

A corner bench and end grab-bar makes it easier for my client to wash her feet or shave her legs.  The shower pan is a solid surface material. 

Well-Fitted Shower

Vanity with lots of drawers for storage. 

The custom vanity is 57” wide with 6 drawers.  It size and spare lines are quite modern – and it certainly pushes the boundaries of what’s feasible.  The top and middle drawer boxes are cut out around the sink basin and plumbing.  The selection of drawer pulls continues the modern lines but also helps make opening these large drawers effortless.  
 

Custom Vanity with Lots of Storage

A Modern Jewel Set in an Historic Home.

Notice the 5” wide original moldings around the door and window.  The scale and details work well with the modern lines of the new bath.  We restored the transom over the bath door but replaced the original flat panel door with a frosted glass door with sticking that matches the sticking in the original flat panel door. 

Modern Lines Within Historic Framework

Several Levels of Lighting

The bath has 5 layers of lighting:
- Two Skylights – one original and one matching new one
- Dimmable Sconces on both sides of the bath
- Low-Voltage Cans to Illuminate the Glass Sink
- Ceiling Lights
- A Dimmable Shower Light

Color Palette

The color palette is at once serene and vibrant.  The main elements of the palette include the green of the glass and the tile, slate from the veining in the tile and flooring and the stain of the cabinetry, white of the fixtures, polished chrome, and red Marmoleum sheet flooring.  The ceiling is a very light violet to complement the greens.  The color palette helps the modern lines blend with the historic home. 

Before Picture - Looking from Doorway

With Concrete Counters You Can Achieve Almost Any Color

Selecting a countertop material for kitchen remodeling seems to be one of the tougher choices for many of my clients.  And I understand why — the many options and choices can be daunting plus the typical lists (like the one below) don’t seem to help much in the narrowing choices.  Depending on your selection, your countertops may be one of the most expensive single components of your kitchen (after cabinets). 

So here are the questions I ask my clients to help them figure out what’s right for them:

How tight is your budget?  One of the easiest ways to cut kitchen remodeling costs is by selecting laminate countertops.  If you like modern, they are the rage in high-end European kitchens.  The only downside that I see is that you can’t have an undermount sink.  But you could design the kitchen so that only the area around the sink is stone using laminate elsewhere.  Or you could use a flushmount sink with integrated work surface like the one below.  Such an approach can be either more country or more modern depending on your tastes. 
 

Sink with Integral Work Surface

Another lower-priced possibility is DIY or contractor built tile countertops.  With today’s rectified porcelain tiles, it’s easy minimize both the number and size of the grout joints.  Almost all other material is considerably more expensive.  You can also look around for specials on installed granite countertops.  It will still be more expensive than laminate and your stone selection and the complexity of the countertop will be more limited. 

Is it important that the countertop look like “new” years after installation even if you’re a messy cook?  If the answer is yes, think about engineered stone.  It’s almost impervious to anything.  The color selection is quite broad and you can find selections to match any style or look.  One of my favorite manufacturers is Ceasarstone.  You can go very modern
 

Ceasarstone can Look Very Modern

Or more classic:

Ceasarstone Can Also Look More Classic

Do you like natural materials develop a classic patina of age over time?  My personal answer to this is “yes” so I tend toward concrete counters, soapstone, and marble.  Many kitchen designers steer clients away from marble in the kitchen but I actually like it a lot – but you have to enjoy the patina of age.  Look at the original marble on some antiques to see if that appeals to you or not.  As an artist, concrete is a personal favorite because of the ability to personalize it like the countertop and backsplash below:

Concrete with Glass & Stone Inlays

Do you want drama?  Marble and granites with more veining can yield incredible drama in a kitchen.  But only use drama sparingly or it will overwhelm.  Also consider that if you keep a lot of clutter on your countertops, you probably don’t want drama because it will only accent the clutter.    As you can see, above, you can also create drama with concrete.  You can also use glass and light to create drama. 

Do you want eco-cred?  There’s a tremendous amount of “green-washing” where every manufacturer claims that their product is eco-friendly.  Keep in mind that a few percent of recycled material does not eco-friendly make.  Look for cradle to cradle certification – that considers the feedstock, manufacturing process, and the waste stream.  You want a product where the waste stream is recycled into additional products.  Equally important, you want to look at transportation distances.  A 100% recycled glass countertop that is manufactured in  (and shipped from) Turkey is much less eco-friendly than one that uses 70% recycled materials and is manufactured 100 miles away.  One of my favorite eco-friendly local materials is New River Countertops – a recycled aggregate from VA dams, fly ash & cement.  http://newriverconcretecountertops.com/  Another is Icestone  http://www.icestone.biz which is manufactured in New York and is made from recycled glass and concrete. 
Do you want a warm or cold feel?  To my hand, polished granite has a cold feel.  I prefer materials that have a warmer feel to the touch – like soapstone or honed granite.  To me, glass countertops also feel cold.  I’m afraid of breaking things if I set them down too hard on granite or glass.  But most homeowners disagree with me and enjoy the cold, hard feel of polished granite. 

Do you like a light or dark work surface?  I’ve worked on both light and dark counters and prefer something in-between – neither real light nor real dark.  The related question  is whether you want the countertop to contrast with or blend with your cabinets.  I personally care more about the contrast than the color of the countertop.  Depending on the answers to the other questions, the answer to this one will help you think through what material is right. 

A mid-toned concrete counter provides contrast with off-white cabinets

A Granite Counter Offers Little Contrast to Walnut Cabinets but contrast is achieved in the backsplash

 
Below, I’ve listed many of the options with some of the pros and cons including thoughts about the eco-friendly creds of each material.  You can see many such lists in books, magazines and thoughout the web. 

1. Granite Counters
Granite seems to be the “go-to” material.  In the Washington DC area, Real Estate Agents, often recommend replacing older countertops with granite to improve the likelihood of a sale. 
– Pros: holds up to heat; comes in lots of colors; looks permanent and substantial.
– Cons: very expensive, requires maintenance, including periodic sealing; absorbs stains; can crack.  The polishing – which really helps repel stains – for me, makes for a cold hard feel that I don’t like.  But honed granite (matte finish rather than polished) is much more likely to stain and will show fingerprints.  I personally like the veined look of stones like marble and soap stone rather than the granular look of granite. 
– Eco-Friendly:   Very low.   Not renewable.  Once it is removed from the earth is cannot be easily reused.   Transportation costs are quite high since most granites today come from overseas – South America and China.  If your job is small you can also seek out remnant slabs.

2. Engineered Stone
Engineered stone is composed of quartz particles. It is available in an extremely large range of colors and has a nonporous surface that resists scratches. It’s easy to maintain, without the annual sealing required by natural stone. Brands on the market are DuPont Zodiaq®, Silestone, and CeasarStone.
– Pros: resistant to stain and acid; easy care.
– Cons: Expensive.
– Eco-Friendly:   Mining of the quartz clearly has an impact on the environment.       
3. Solid Surface
Because solid surface counters are just what they’re called, solid, any scratches can be sanded out. The countertops are custom-made to your specifications by companies such as Avonite, Corian, and Swanstone.
– Pros: comes in a rainbow of colors and patterns; seamless; stain resistant.
– Cons vulnerable to hot pans and stains which can damage the surface; can be moderately expensive.
– Eco-Friendly:  No-VOCs, but clearly not as green as products such as IceStone, otherwise they would have the certifications like those of IceStone.
4. Ceramic Tile
Ceramic tile is durable and easy to clean. Add to that inexpensive and you’ve got a really good choice for countertops for the average home. Because it’s installed a section at a time, it can be done by most resourceful homeowners.
– Pros: takes hot pans; easy to clean; wide range of price, color, texture and design.  Grout lines can be minimized with today’s rectified tiles (the edges are more precise so the grout lines can be ultra-thin).  Also, today’s epoxy grout is much easier to work with than epoxy grout of previous times and so staining of the grout can be much less of an issue. 
– Cons: counter surface is uneven; tiles can chip or crack; some homeowners don’t like the grout lines; custom-designed tiles are very expensive.
– Eco-Friendly:  Some ceramic tile is made from recycled content such as old lightbulbs, bottles and porcelain.  It is biodegradable, and use low-VOC adhesive.
5. Laminates
Laminate counters bear trademarks such as Formica, Nevamar, and Wilsonart. Traditionally laminates were made of plastic-coated synthetics with a smooth surface that’s easy to clean.  Today’s laminates are often made with melamine impregnated paper.  Laminate pieces are cut to size and finished on the ends.
– Pros: you can buy laminates in lots of colors; easy to maintain; durable; inexpensive.
– Cons: scratches and chips are almost impossible to repair; seams show; end finishing and front edge choices can add to the price. 
– Eco-Friendly:  Look for laminates that advertise that they use no urea-formaldehyde.  and that qualify for are certified by the Green Building Council for Indoor Air Quality, Recycled Content, and Rapidly Renewal Content, and Responsible Forestry Management. 
6. Wood or Butcher Block
Wood countertops offer a beautiful warm look and are available in a wide range of colors and finishes. Hardwoods such as maple and oak are most often used as countertop woods.
– Pros: easy to clean; smooth; can be sanded and resealed as needed.
– Cons: can be damaged by water and stains over time; scratches must be oiled or sealed according to manufacturer’s instructions.
– Eco-Friendly:  Look for wood with FSC certification, and use of low-VOC sealants and water-based finishes
7. Stainless Steel Counters
For a really contemporary and industrial look for your kitchen, stainless steel is a good choice. They are heat resistant and durable. Because they’re constructed to your specifications, you can have a seamless countertop.
– Pros: takes hot pans; easy to clean.
– Cons: Expensive; noisy; may dent; fabrication is expensive; you can’t cut on it.
– Eco-Friendly: Look for recycled steel, because mining and refining steel uses a large amount of energy and pollutes the environment.
8. Soapstone Counters
Soapstone is generally dark gray in color and has a smooth feel. It is often seen in historic homes but is also used in modern homes as both a countertop and sink material.
– Pros: rich, deep color; smooth feel; somewhat stain resistant.
– Cons: requires regular maintenance with applications of mineral oil; may crack and darken over time.
– Eco-Friendly: Barely friendlier than Granite as soapstone is mined from the surface, but some areas where soapstone is mined is not only impacting the environment, it is impacting animals – such as tiger habitats in India.  Soapstone is a material that is definitely harder to come by in the world, and diverse places are being impacted by searches for soapstone – please use fair trade merchants.
9. Marble
marble is not often seen on kitchen countertops but I think it’s because designers steer homeowners away fearing staining.  To get the luxurious look, use it on an island or inset at a baking center. Marble requires constant maintenance, as it easily stains. Some new sealers retard staining.
– Pros: waterproof; heatproof; beautiful.
– Cons: expensive; porous; stains easily unless professionally sealed; can scratch; may need resealing periodically as per manufacturer.
– Eco-Friendly:  Same as Granite above.
10. Concrete Counters
If you have countertops in unusual shapes, concrete may be a good choice, as they’re often cast right in your kitchen. The high price tag may be beyond most people’s budget.  It is very important to have them sealed.
– Pros: heat and scratch resistant; can be color-tinted; looks exotic and unusual; new treatments eliminate cracking; additives reduce porosity; new finishes are more decorative.
– Cons: mid to high range on cost due to custom work; cracking is possible; can look somewhat industrial; porous but can be sealed.
– Eco-Friendly:  The aggregate mixed with cement and water should be recycled for concrete to count as green.  Also look for low-VOC sealers.
11. Glass
Glass offers a sleek, modern style that doesn’t have to look like a bland glass tabletop. You can find various colors and different textures to give it some distinction. Glass countertops are sturdy enough to stand up to their role however you’ll still want to be sure you avoid dropping something large and heavy on them.
Eco-Friendly:   If made from recycled glass.
12. Composite & Recycled Materials
Composite and recycled materials deliver some interesting alternatives for countertop selection. Some are made from recycled paper and combined with resins to form a surface that’s hard yet warmer than stone, and others are made from recycled glass held together with either cement or resin.  The eco-friendly nature of these choices may also give you the satisfaction of having helped the environment.  Some of the companies producing recycled paper products using a phenolic resin, or products made from recycled glass, cement and plastics include: Richlite, IceStone, Vetrazzo, EnviroGlas, Paperstone, Squak Mountain Stone and EcoTop.
Eco-Friendly:  Highly eco-friendly.  Do look for low-VOC resin usage, and in the case of paper products look for FSC certification.

The New Hall Bath

My client’s home in the Cleveland Park neighborhood of Washington DC is a 1970’s “modern” home with a vaulted living room ceiling and great views.  But it basically hasn’t been updated since it was built.  The bathrooms were 1970’s generic with cultured marble countertop and shower surrounds that were typical of the period.  This bath measuring 5 ft by 8 ft is slightly larger than the generic 5’ x 7’ boxes found in earlier homes allowing for a slightly larger vanity.  But the vanity was largely useless for storage.

The wife uses it as her main bathroom – leaving the Master Bath – for the husband.  But she was frustrated at the lack on storage and the aging fixtures. 

What Makes The Remodeled Bath Work Better:  I’ve listed, below, the features we added to make the same space work much, much better.

Bath tub to Shower:  Few adults take baths on a regular basis.  For daily use, a 30 x 60 shower – replacing the standard tub – is a much more useful option when space is limited.  Multiple shelves plus a soap dish keep the shower organized and shampoo and body wash at hand. 

Extended Countertop:  We extended the new Crema Marfil Marble countertop over the toilet.  This is often called a banjo countertop because of its shape.  It makes the bath both feel and function larger. 

Custom Vanity for Extra Storage:  For a few hundred dollars more, we custom specified the vanity for lots of additional storage.  The central door leaves space to access the plumbing and for cleaning supplies.  The side drawers are shallow and great for make-up items.  The bottom drawers are more than large enough to store extra towels.

35 Cubic Feet of Additional Storage – Recessed into the Adjacent Room:  The adjacent room wasn’t used much especially in the front corner adjacent to the bath.  So we stole some space from that room and recessed a 24” Deep, 30” wide Full height cabinet into the adjacent room.  Drawers on bottom act as dresser space and shelving above is more than adequate for additional clothes or for linens or other storage.  We placed a GFI outlet in the cabinet perfect for keeping the hairdryer and electric toothbrush recharger close at hand but out of sight. 

Lot’s of Energy-Efficient Light:  The sconces installed on a wall of mirrors feature warm-white fluorescent bulbs with instant-on and non-buzzing electronic ballasts.  At 18 watts each, they are the equivalent of 75 watt incandescent bulbs.  The light bounces off the mirror magnifying the brightness.  A medicine cabinet is recessed into the wall with its mirrored door flush with the surrounding wall mirrors.  A small stainless steel disk over the magnetic push latch provides unobtrusive instruction about how to open the door. 

A 2nd Medicine Cabinet:  We mounted a 2nd medicine cabinet on the adjacent wall.  By adjusting both doors, you can view your back to check your hair or clothing.  It, of course, also provides conveniently located storage for makeup and toiletries.

Luxury of Some Spa Features at a Small Price and with Water Efficiency in Mind:  We located a rain shower head on the ceiling.  It’s designed to provide a drenching light rain at reduced water flow.  A multi-function hand-held on a bar is mounted where you might normally find the main shower head.  It can be lowered  and set to massage your back while also using the overhead fixtures.  Both fixtures can be operated at the same time or separately and both temperature and flow can be set independently. 

Heater:  Rather than go to the expense of in-floor heat, we opted for an exhaust fan/heater/light combination.

Few Grout Lines:  We used 12” x 24” oversized tile for a clean look and fewer grout lines.  This client wanted a monochromatic, serene feel.  I might have used a darker grout in other circumstances to highlight the vertical feel of the tiles and to add a little definition.

Tactile Enjoyment:  We replace the hollow-core doors and brass doorknobs with a single recessed panel solid wood door that reflects the cabinetry and has a nice feel of solidity with greater sound-proofing.  We used stainless steel lever handles by Omnia.

We borrrowed 35 Cubic Feet of Storage From an Adjacent Room

Spa-Like Features Without the Expense

A Wall of Mirrors Adds Depth & Light - The Medicine Cabinet is Mounted Flush with the Mirrors

We Added Tactile Pleasures Like a Solid Wood Door & Stainless Door Levers

BEFORE The Remodel

Concrete Counters w/ stone inlays

I love concrete counters!  I love their flexibility — just look at the inlaid stone in the counter, above.  I love the color possibilities — in this article I show counters in purple, indigo, grey and brown.  You can also have muted to bold shades of green, gold and wine.  I love their feel — to my hand they don’t have the cold feel of granite.  I love their earthiness and that they patina over time.  I love that I can do it myself — if I’m feeling strong and ambitious.  [I made the purple counters as well as the sandcast concrete backsplash with stone and glass inlays.]

You can see from the counters in this article that the material — as used in countertops — is quite refined.  It’s a 5000 to 6000 psi concrete (compared to the 3500 psi concrete used in sidewalks).  This is what allows for the fine finish.  They are reinforced with a mesh structure for strength.  The color is integral to the concrete so the color is through and through.  Just like for stone counters, a template is made so that the counter conforms to your walls.  A form is made — usually of melamine which give the clean finish.  The counters I use are usually cast upside down which allows for inlays and for the marbled or veined finish that you see in a few of these counters.  Other counters are cast right side up with a trowel finish.  After de-molding the counters are polished with diamond grinding and polishing equipment.  You can see — especially in the indigo counter, below — that you can use colored aggregate that you can reveal in the grinding.  This can add a lot of dimension to the countertop.  After polishing the countertops are finished with a sealer and then buffed to a high shine with a paste wax.

Concrete is definitely not for everyone.  It is a hand-made product and will have imperfections.  It is more prone to staining from the oils and acid in food than is polished granite.  In my mind, this creates a patina that gives the countertop character over time.  Concrete counters are usually also thicker.  Granite is usually about 1-1/4″.  The minimum for concrete is 1-1/2″ and more frequently they are 2″ thick. 

Here is a selection of concrete counters I’ve put in my projects.  Click on an image to enlarge. 

Dark Transitions Make Rooms Brighter

Yesterday’s article (link) covered the major elements that make color palettes work in architecture using a home with a bold, bright color palette.  This home uses the same conceptual elements with a more somber palette of grayed-greens, deep wine, and a touch of creamy yellow.  This home also features two elements that weren’t as apparent in the other home:  The effectivness of Darker Transitions and moving from Dark to Light as daylight increases.

In the image, above, notice how the dark wine colored transition beyond the kitchen makes the kitchen all the more brighter — highlighting the architecture and separating the kitchen from what’s beyond.  Similarly, the dark transition from the family room to foyer (right hand side of the image) has the same effect.  The sunny yellow/green of the kitchen is a near compliment of the wine transition — stengthing the impact of both.  Similarly, the grayed-green of the family room is also a near-complement of the wine transition.  We also move from darker to lighter shades as we move from the enclosed transition to the family room to the kitchen with light streaming through skylights and windows on 2 sides.  This accentuates the effect of the light.

Color Elements At Work

Notice the view from the Living room through to the Family Room and to the Side Family Entrance.  The main foyer (where the dog is lying) is a similar grayed-green of the family room except many shades darker.  [Notice how it accentuates the artwork above the mantle.]  Notice also the darker transition before you get to the family room and we’re pulled through the transition to the lighter room beyond.  The transition is both lower and darker — the ceiling is also the dark wine color.  Notice the same wine color on the angled wall coming into the living room from the Family Side Entrance.  It leads one from the entrance through to the living room.  The living room’s color is similar in intensity to the family room but with more yellow to better match the southern exposure.  And finally, notice (below) how when moving from the Family’s Side Entrance through to the kitchen how another dark transition area again pulls you through to the kitchen.   For reference, also see the floor plan.   

Floor Plan